Yep... That will do it, for sure. I actually thought you'd find spiders; that is certainly a "good sized" dauber nest. It's a wonder the heater even fired up and certainly no wonder it ran hot.
I'm a firm believer in the bug screen attachments; have them for the water heater, furnace and refrigerator. The mud daubers like those places as well as other flying "critters" and spiders (spiders really like the "smell" of propane). We have the daubers, but, around here the Asian Lady Bugs are the worst...they crawl in those places to over-winter, but, half of them die there leaving their little carcasses to clog things up...
Glad you got it figured out; shame about the light, but, at least from the pictures, it doesn't look like the filon was damaged.